Intersectionality and Financial Inclusion in the United States
AEA Papers and Proceedings
vol. 112,
May 2022
(pp. 43-47)
Abstract
Recent estimates indicate approximately 8.4 million US households are unbanked with an additional 24.2 million US households classified as underbanked. We focus on intersectionality, specifically the intersection of race and gender, to better understand the probability of being unbanked and underbanked in the US. Additionally, we look at drivers of this financial exclusion. We find Black women are significantly more likely than Black men or any other group to be unbanked or to be underbanked. Further, we find limited wealth is more frequently cited by Black women as the main reason why they do not engage with the banking system.Citation
Bogan, Vicki L., and Sarah E. Wolfolds. 2022. "Intersectionality and Financial Inclusion in the United States." AEA Papers and Proceedings, 112: 43-47. DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20221016Additional Materials
JEL Classification
- G21 Banks; Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
- G51 Household Finance: Household Saving, Borrowing, Debt, and Wealth
- J15 Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
- J16 Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination