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Aiming for the Goal: Contribution Dynamics of Crowdfunding
Joyee Deb
Aniko Öry
Kevin R. Williams
American Economic Review (Forthcoming)
Abstract
We study a dynamic contribution game where investors seek private
benefits offered in exchange for contributions, and a single, publicly
minded donor values project success. We show that donor contributions
serve as costly signals that encourage socially productive contributions
by investors who face a coordination problem. Investors
and the donor prefer different equilibria, but all benefit in expectation
from the donor’s ability to dynamically signal his valuation. We
explore various contexts in which our model can be applied and delve
empirically into the case of Kickstarter. We calibrate our model and
quantify the coordination benefits of dynamic signaling in counterfactuals.